{"id":346,"date":"2017-08-08T11:41:41","date_gmt":"2017-08-08T09:41:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/le-blockhaus-la-batterie-graf-spee\/"},"modified":"2017-08-10T14:29:22","modified_gmt":"2017-08-10T12:29:22","slug":"the-graf-spee-battery","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/en\/the-graf-spee-battery\/","title":{"rendered":"The Graf Spee battery"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{ \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"WebSite\", \"name\": \"Avrellewear\", \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.avrw.dev\/\" }<\/script><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-parallax-none nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-equal-height-columns fusion-no-small-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility lazyload\" style=\"--awb-background-position:right top;--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-background-color:#484848;--awb-background-size:cover;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" data-bg=\"http:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-1.png\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height fusion-no-large-visibility\" style=\"--awb-bg-position:center center;--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content-centered\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:80px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><h2>The Graf Spee battery fire control post.<\/h2>\n<p>This bunker we are in is the Graf Spee naval artillery battery command post.<\/p>\n<p>It consists of two standard bunker plans, connected by a tunnel. The lower level is a type M 151 bunker, which housed the garrison in charge of close-in defence. The four upper levels, S 414 type, were devoted to the control of the four 280 mm guns situated around 1500 metres away inland. In this part of the bunker were accommodation for the technicians, rooms for the ventilation system and generators and a signals centre. The targeting equipment was in the top sections: rangefinder, goniometer and parallax corrector.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:80px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-equal-height-columns fusion-no-large-visibility accueil-1\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:20px;--awb-background-color:#484848;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height fusion-no-large-visibility\" style=\"--awb-bg-position:center center;--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content-centered\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element fusion-image-align-center in-legacy-container\" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><div class=\"imageframe-align-center\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"668\" height=\"480\" title=\"MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-1-mobile\" src=\"https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-1-mobile.png\" data-orig-src=\"http:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-1-mobile.png\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-338\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27668%27%20height%3D%27480%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20668%20480%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27668%27%20height%3D%27480%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-1-mobile-200x144.png 200w, https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-1-mobile-400x287.png 400w, https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-1-mobile-600x431.png 600w, https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-1-mobile.png 668w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 668px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><h2>The Graf Spee battery fire control post.<\/h2>\n<p>This bunker we are in is the Graf Spee naval artillery battery command post.<\/p>\n<p>It consists of two standard bunker plans, connected by a tunnel. The lower level is a type M 151 bunker, which housed the garrison in charge of close-in defence. The four upper levels, S 414 type, were devoted to the control of the four 280 mm guns situated around 1500 metres away inland. In this part of the bunker were accommodation for the technicians, rooms for the ventilation system and generators and a signals centre. The targeting equipment was in the top sections: rangefinder, goniometer and parallax corrector.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-parallax-none nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-equal-height-columns fusion-no-small-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility lazyload\" style=\"--awb-background-position:left top;--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:20px;--awb-background-color:#484848;--awb-background-size:cover;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" data-bg=\"http:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-2.png\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-6 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-position:center center;--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content-centered\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-7 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-8 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-9 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><h2>The Graf Spee battery<\/h2>\n<p>Brest was a strategic harbour for the German forces. Its purpose was to shelter part of the German fleet, notably its warships and submarines during maintenance. Construction began on the Graf Spee battery as early as July 1940 to deny access to the bay of Brest to any enemy warship. Its size and the calibre of its artillery made it the most powerful battery in the Finist\u00e8re D\u00e9partement.<\/p>\n<p>The battery covered 22 hectares, the four main guns, 28cm S.K.L40 models, were protected in their emplacements. They could engage targets at a range of almost 30km.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to the 13 anti-aircraft guns, there were around ten machine-gun nests, three grenade launchers and an anti-tank gun. Many concrete shelters were also built: a first aid station, an ammunition dump, accommodation shelters, a kitchen, a water storage tank and a signals shelter. On the surface many wooden huts were carefully camouflaged in an attempt to deceive Allied aircraft.<br \/>\nIn 1944 air raids increased in number and intensity and the decision was made to build concrete emplacements to protect the guns. When the GIs liberated Brittany, only one of these had been completed<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-equal-height-columns fusion-no-large-visibility accueil-1\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-background-color:#484848;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-10 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-position:center center;--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content-centered\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element fusion-image-align-center in-legacy-container\" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><div class=\"imageframe-align-center\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-2 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"861\" height=\"740\" title=\"MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-2-mobile\" src=\"https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-2-mobile.png\" data-orig-src=\"http:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-2-mobile.png\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-340\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27861%27%20height%3D%27740%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20861%20740%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27861%27%20height%3D%27740%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-2-mobile-200x172.png 200w, https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-2-mobile-400x344.png 400w, https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-2-mobile-600x516.png 600w, https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-2-mobile-800x688.png 800w, https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-2-mobile.png 861w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 861px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-11 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><h2>Batterie Graf Spee<\/h2>\n<p>Brest est un port strat\u00e9gique pour l&#8217;arm\u00e9e allemande. Il a vocation \u00e0 abriter une partie des navires de la Kriegsmarine, et notamment ses cuirass\u00e9s et sous marins pour des escales techniques. D\u00e8s juillet 1940, la construction de la batterie Graf Spee commence, afin d&#8217;interdire l&#8217;acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la rade de Brest \u00e0 tout b\u00e2timent ennemi. Par sa taille et la puissance de son artillerie, il s&#8217;agira de la plus importante batterie du Finist\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<p>Sur une surface de 22 hectares, les 4 pi\u00e8ces principales, des canons de 28cm S.K.L\/40, sont abrit\u00e9es dans des encuvements. Elles peuvent prendre \u00e0 partie une cible jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 pr\u00e8s de 30 kilom\u00e8tres.<\/p>\n<p>En plus des 13 canons de d\u00e9fense anti-a\u00e9rienne, la position articule sa d\u00e9fense rapproch\u00e9e autour d&#8217;une dizaine de postes de mitrailleuses, 3 lance-grenades et un canon anti-char. A cela, il faut ajouter de nombreux abris b\u00e9tonn\u00e9s, comme une infirmerie, des soutes \u00e0 munitions, des abris \u00e0 personnel, une cuisine, un abri \u00e0 eau potable et un abri radio. A la surface, de nombreuses baraques en bois sont habilement camoufl\u00e9es afin de tenter de tromper l&#8217;aviation alli\u00e9e.<br \/>\nEn 1944, les bombardements a\u00e9riens s&#8217;intensifient, et la d\u00e9cision est prise de construire des casemates b\u00e9tonn\u00e9es pour prot\u00e9ger les canons. Une seule d&#8217;entre elles est achev\u00e9e alors que les GI lib\u00e8rent la Bretagne.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 fusion-parallax-none nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-equal-height-columns fusion-no-small-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility lazyload\" style=\"--awb-background-position:right top;--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-background-color:#484848;--awb-background-size:cover;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" data-bg=\"http:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-3.png\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-12 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height fusion-no-large-visibility\" style=\"--awb-bg-position:center center;--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content-centered\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-13 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:80px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\"><p>In August 1944 the US Army approached Brest from the North and the East. The three guns that were still in their open circular emplacements aimed at the invaders and crushed them with their 240 kilo shells. The American Staff quickly reacted and sent its special forces to capture the position: they were the 2nd and 5th Ranger Battalions, who had taken the Pointe du Hoc in Normandy on June the 6th.<br \/>\n1 300 GIs, guided and supported by 3 000 Resistance fighters from Nord Finist\u00e8re began their difficult movement towards the battery. American soldiers caught under the fire of the 280mm guns nicknamed the shells \u02baChoo Choo &#8211; the locomotive\u02ba, because of their size, the noise they made and the impressive blast effect they had when they flew over their heads. The position was captured on September 9 1944 after violent combats causing many casualties: 64 Americans, 22 Resistance fighters, close to 300 Germans and over 60 civilians died.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-14 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:80px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-15 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-6 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-equal-height-columns fusion-no-large-visibility accueil-1\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-background-color:#484848;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-16 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-position:center center;--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content-centered\"><div class=\"fusion-column-content\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element fusion-image-align-center in-legacy-container\" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><div class=\"imageframe-align-center\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-3 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"732\" height=\"500\" title=\"MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-3-mobile\" src=\"https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-3-mobile.png\" data-orig-src=\"http:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-3-mobile.png\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-342\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27732%27%20height%3D%27500%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20732%20500%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27732%27%20height%3D%27500%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-3-mobile-200x137.png 200w, https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-3-mobile-400x273.png 400w, https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-3-mobile-600x410.png 600w, https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/MM3945-IMAGES-PAGE-GRAF-SPEE-3-mobile.png 732w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 732px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-17 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\"><p>In August 1944 the US Army approached Brest from the North and the East. The three guns that were still in their open circular emplacements aimed at the invaders and crushed them with their 240 kilo shells. The American Staff quickly reacted and sent its special forces to capture the position: they were the 2nd and 5th Ranger Battalions, who had taken the Pointe du Hoc in Normandy on June the 6th.<br \/>\n1 300 GIs, guided and supported by 3 000 Resistance fighters from Nord Finist\u00e8re began their difficult movement towards the battery. American soldiers caught under the fire of the 280mm guns nicknamed the shells \u02baChoo Choo &#8211; the locomotive\u02ba, because of their size, the noise they made and the impressive blast effect they had when they flew over their heads. The position was captured on September 9 1944 after violent combats causing many casualties: 64 Americans, 22 Resistance fighters, close to 300 Germans and over 60 civilians died.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-346","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Graf Spee battery - Mus\u00e9e M\u00e9moire 39-45<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/museememoires39-45.fr\/en\/the-graf-spee-battery\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Graf Spee battery - 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